CD8A and neoplasm: Th1 cells enhance the generation and function of CD8+ T cells, prevent angiogenesis, promote the senescence of tumor cells, and protect effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes from exhaustion; thus, modulating the Th1 cell response may lead to effective immune-based therapy (Basu et al., 2021; Laba et al., 2021; Renaude et al., 2021).