CALCA and ileus: Capsaicin-induced ablation of extrinsic spinal sensory neurons, CGRP antagonism by CGRP8–37 or olcegepant, and CGRP immunoneutralization in the mouse, rat and dog are all able to reverse postoperative ileus in terms of inhibition of gastric corpus motility (Zittel et al., 1994), inhibition of gastric emptying (Plourde et al., 1993; Freeman et al., 1999; Trudel et al., 2003) and inhibition of transit through the small and large intestine (Zittel et al., 1998; Freeman et al., 1999; Glowka et al., 2015).