Furthermore, gains of MSH2 (chr 2p) and PRDM1 (chr 6q) exclusively characterized the pCR patient group (4/4 versus 0/12, p < 0.01), and loss of PAX3 (chr 2q) occurred in primary tumor samples of all patients with pCR and in a single case with residual disease at surgery (4/4 versus 1/12, p < 0.01) (Table S3). The gene discussed is MSH2; the disease is neoplasm.