CCL2 and glioblastoma: Genes whose expression was downregulated in knockout cells relative to wild-type included pro-invasive genes COL6A122, ITGB323, and CA924, along with the gene CCL2 which is implicated in regulatory T cell (Treg) recruitment and, although mostly produced by immune cells, is also produced by GBM cells after PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathway activation25 (Fig. 3E, Supplementary Figs. S8–S10; Supplementary Tables S2–S3).