In the present study, a massive recruitment of ATG16L1, WIPI2, and LC3 (including its conjugated form LC3-II) occurred at C. albicans invasion sites presenting plasma membrane damage that was not observed in plasma membrane damage induced by bacterial pore-forming toxins.46 We hypothesize that, in the case of C. albicans, the plasma membrane damage is focused in a limited area of the plasma membrane (around the active penetration sites) at some stages of infection. Here, ATG16L1 is linked to infection.