We measured the expression of NPC markers, including HIF-1α, GLUT-1, and brachyury; growth factors, including CDMP-1, TGF-β, and IGF-1; and ECM components, including Type II collagen and aggrecan, in these cells via real-time qRT-PCR.2 This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.