Its role in tumour biology (e.g. tumour development, proliferation) has been conflicting because its expression is increased in some cancers (e.g. esophageal, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and lung adenocarcinoma) and decreased in others (e.g. esophageal, lung squamous cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma and prostatic adenocarcinoma), but a common function of ANXA1 in chemosensitivity was reported [44–46]. This evidence concerns the gene ANXA1 and breast carcinoma.