Correspondingly, elevated STING expression and activity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, acute pancreatitis, ischemic stroke, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, and traumatic brain injury exacerbate the progression of these diseases (Luo et al., 2018; Zhao et al., 2018; Li et al., 2020; Sen et al., 2020; Guo et al., 2021a, b). This evidence concerns the gene STING1 and ischemic stroke.