TNF and congestive heart failure: In CHF mice injected with oe‐HOTAIR adenovirus, EF, FS, LV+dP/dtmax, LV−dP/dtmax levels were increased; while the contents of LVIDd, LVIDs, LVEDP were depleted (Figure 2C–F); the levels of BNP, CTn‐I and Ang II were decreased; SOD activity was promoted while MDA content was reduced; the levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6 were reduced compared with CHF mice injected with oe‐NC adenovirus (Figure 2G–K).