The results of our study demonstrated that miR-34a-5p was significantly more highly expressed in CSF exosomes in anti-NMDAR, GABABR, LGI1, and CASPR2 AE patients than in control subjects (p < 0.05; Fig. 3), which indicated that miR-34a could inhibit the anti-inflammatory effect in AE by regulating Twist2 mRNA. The gene discussed is CNTNAP2; the disease is acrodermatitis enteropathica.