Although all three treatments did not significantly alter the NASH activity score or metabolic parameters such as body weight, total cholesterol, or glucose tolerance, they significantly reduced liver fibrosis area (Picro-Sirius Red), pSMAD 2/3 signaling (TGF-β1 signaling pathway), and activated hepatic stellate cells (α-SMA, IHC) and liver macrophages (F4/80 staining). Here, TGFB1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.