The present study also demonstrated that administration of PDHi may promote these EMT-like changes in A549 lung cancer cells, in part via the activation of TGFβ signaling, as TGFβRI-i was sufficient to significantly reduce vimentin expression and revert PDHi-induced elongated/irregular fibroblastic morphology to an epithelial-like morphology. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is lung cancer.