The results showed that the tumor mass was significantly higher in mice treated with bortezomib monotherapy and xenografted with PIWIL1+ 8226 MM cells than in the NC group, whereas the tumor burden was significantly lower in PIWIL1+ 8226 MM mice treated with 3-MA plus bortezomib than in mice treated with bortezomib monotherapy (Figures 5C, D). Here, PIWIL1 is linked to neoplasm.