HCRT and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Then, the adaptive changes of the GABAergic neural pathway from NAcSh to LHA in the DIO rats were explored. Furthermore, the PF intake was recorded after administration of the agonist or the antagonist of the GABA-A receptor in LHA, after electrical stimulation of the NAc and after administration of orexin-A receptor antagonist SB334867 in the lateral ventricles to test the functions of this neural pathway. This study evaluated the roles of NAcSh-LHA GABAergic neural pathway, with a focus on downstream orexin-A signaling, to provide a potential novel treatment strategy for obesity.