Tumor cell programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), as the most robust predictor of the clinical response to ICIs, is recommended to be tested to guide the selection of treatment strategies for metastatic driver-negative NSCLC (Di Federico et al., 2021; Grant et al., 2021; Pathak et al., 2021). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.