After Ad-V5 infection of the cochlear explants from Atoh1-GFP transgenic mice, PVALB+ IHCs were observed in the sensory region of cultured cochlear explants, an indication of surviving existing IHCs (2.67 ± 0.61 cells/100 μm sensory epithelium, n = 3, Figure 5a), some PVALB+ spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) were also found (Fischer et al., 2019). Here, PVALB is linked to infection.