Of these, the canonical wnt/β‐catenin pathway is the most common target of HOX regulation, being upregulated in lung cancer (HOXB5134, 138 and HOXB9130, 132), colorectal cancer (HOXB8),51 breast cancer (HOXD3),140 gastric cancer (HOXA13158 and HOXB5129), pancreatic cancer (HOXB5),159 osteosarcoma (HOXB8)49 and HNSCC (HOXB5).131. Here, HOXB5 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.