INS and Alzheimer disease: In prespecified analyses of the cohort that used the second device, however, insulin treatment was associated with better performance compared with placebo on the primary outcome, the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive test (ADAS-Cog12) at 6 months (p = 0.014, mean =  − 3.782, 95% lower and upper confidence intervals =  − 6.79, − 0.776) which strengthened after 18 months of treatment (p = 0.018, mean − 5.782, 95% confidence interval − 10.551, − 2.388).