These observations raise several questions, for example how a missense variant in PNPLA3 leads to a change in the circulating levels of ARFIP2, if ARFIP2 provides some sort of readout of PNPLA3 function and finally how ARFIP2 relates to type 2 diabetes, i.e., if it mediates any of the risk associated with this locus or if it is merely a bystander. The gene discussed is ARFIP2; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.