For example, the fatal enteritis and colitis that develop after simultaneous deletion of A20 and ABIN-1 in IECs rivals the severity reported for intestinal epithelial deletion of NEMO (44, 78), FADD (45, 79), CASP8 (45, 71), RIPK1 (42, 80), ATG16L1 (8), or combined deletion of XBP1 and ATG16L1 (7). This evidence concerns the gene ATG16L1 and colitis.