CD8A and infection: The CD8+ T-cells respond to infection or transformation of nucleated cells expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and, upon differentiation into cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), kill target cells directly; in addition, CD8+ T-cells release chemokines and cytokines that call more effector cells, such as the neutrophils and the macrophages [8].