Conversely, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are composed of a complex network of neutrophil-derived chromatin (i.e., DNA and histones) decorated with enzymes derived from neutrophil granules, such as neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3), were increased in the circulation of young individuals after T1D onset. The gene discussed is ELANE; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.