These promising findings are reflected and emphasized by pre-clinical studies showing synergistic effects of allogenic cardiac progenitor cells and MSC for reduction of infarct scar sizes and functional parameters in large animal models (53) and, very recently, clinical studies showing positive effects from transplantation of c-kit+ cardiac cells together with MSC in patients with heart failure from ischemic heart disease (55, 56). This evidence concerns the gene KIT and heart failure.