Various structural chromosomal alterations, including translocations involving the Ig heavy chain (IgH) locus or disruption of the 3’ region of the PD-L1 gene, can lead to aberrant PD-L1 expression in DLBCL (Georgiou et al., 2014; Kataoka et al., 2016). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.