While TNF-α is 4- to 5-fold higher, κ-FLC can be anywhere from 2-to 16-fold higher in uremia.55 We found that MCO dialysis provided greater removal of β2-microglobulin,myoglobin, λ-, and κ-FLC, that translated into lower predialysis concentrationsin all these solutes, especially over the longer term. Here, TNF is linked to uremia.