Several clinical trials are currently evaluating different vaccines in lung cancer patients and specific target antigens (e.g. MAGE-A3, CEA, mesothelin, RAS, NY-ESO-1, telomerase, WT1), as well as immunomodulatory enzymes such as Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and Arginase-1 (119, 128). The gene discussed is MAGEA3; the disease is lung cancer.