With respect to the pathophysiology of anti-MDA5 (+) DM/CADM, elevated levels of several cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IP-10, sCD163, YKL-40, and IFN-α, have been reported (14–17). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is dermatomyositis.