INS and gestational diabetes: Even in offspring born to women with mild gestational diabetes, the risk of LGA increased linearly with increasing blood glucose levels up to 5.8 mmol/L fasting and to 11.1 mmol/L at 2 hours of a 75 g OGTT, and was associated with a parallel increase in cord blood C-peptide levels (a measure of insulin secretion by the fetus) (46).