MAPK8 and glioblastoma: Therefore, we can conclude that piperine and the TMZ combination exhibit an anticancer effect in gliomal cells by various physiological processes such as inhibiting tumor progression, inducing apoptosis in GBM cells through caspase activity, as well as activation of the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway, so piperine can be used as a clinical agent against gliomal cancer.