APP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: This technique has also been evaluated for use in the treatment of other conditions unrelated to the GI tract including multiple sclerosis (Makkawi et al., 2018) autism (Kang et al., 2019), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Mandrioli et al., 2019), and has recently been found to alleviate symptoms associated with Alzheimer’s disease in APP/PS1 transgenic mice (Sun et al., 2019).