SPP1 and kidney cancer: Compared with that in normal tissues, the SPP1 mRNA level was significantly higher in most tumor tissues, including bladder, brain and central nervous system, cervical, colorectal, esophageal, gastric, head and neck, liver, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer, and melanoma, while the expression trend of SPP1 was inconsistent kidney cancer and sarcoma.