Also, the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL12b, IL4, and IL6), chemokine and chemokine receptors (CCL4, CCR7, and CXCR4) were significantly increased, indicating that diabetes plus hyperlipidemia could further induce immune maturation of DCs, and probably induced chronic low-grade inflammation that was mediated by DCs. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and diabetes mellitus.