Cytometric bead array analysis of the cytokine profile of seven laboratory-confirmed MERS patients further showed high levels of the cytokines IFN-α2, IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-15, and IL-17, whereas no difference in the levels of IL-12, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and TGF-α was observed [33]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome.