Furthermore, to address the effect of FMDV on NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production, we found that IL-1β secretion and protein maturation were impaired in PK-15 cells expressing shNLRP3 (short hairpin NLRP3, shNLRP3) after FMDV infection compared with control cells (Figure 2C,D). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and infection.