Given the importance of flow-dependent regulation of NOS3 in vascular pathophysiology, we believe that these new mouse lines will be useful in future studies to determine the potential in vivo roles of TXNDC5 in other vascular diseases characterized by reduced eNOS expression, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, aortic aneurysm, and early arteriovenous fistula failure. Here, TXNDC5 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.