Capitalizing on this new mechanistic insight, we devised a targeted nanomedicine platform combining nanoparticles, an endothelium-specific promoter, and the CRISPR-Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein 9) technology to specifically delete Txndc5 in vascular endothelium in vivo, which significantly reduced atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and atherosclerosis.