Whereas the downregulation of lncRNA PVT1 seems to protect pancreatic β cells from injury (44), both up-regulated MALAT1 and NEAT1 had been related to inflammatory mediators (TNF-alpha, IL-6, CXCL10) (45), SLE pathogenesis (46) and innate immune response against viral infections (47). Here, TNF is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.