PROS1 and ischemia: In Geyikoglu et al. study, pretreatment with 200 mg/kg water-soluble extract of Propolis in rats with renal I/R injury one hour before ischemia significantly decreased the renal congestion, renal hemorrhage, renal hydropic degeneration, and tubular necrosis; however, the number of Bax-positive (a pro-apoptotic protein) cells did not change significantly [22].