Interleukin-17 (IL-17), an important mediator of the mucosal immune response, was not directly assessed in CSF or serum, but IL-17 secretion after whole blood stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) for 24 h, a marker of lymphocyte function/immunodeficiency, was assessed in 10 samples from 10 patients in group I. Interestingly, decreased IL-17 secretion was found in 4 samples from 4 patients (normal values in the remainder), none of whom was treated with immunosuppressants or steroids at the time of testing. This evidence concerns the gene SETBP1 and immune system disorder.