Through analysis of the relationship between PFKFB3 expression level and pivotal clinical / pathological outcomes in ccRCC cases, this study elucidated that up-regulated PFKFB3 expression was present in late TNM stage (ANOVA P < 0.01, Stage I/II vs III/IV, P < 0.01, Fig. 1d). This evidence concerns the gene PFKFB3 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.