Stimulation of microglia with Aβ increased the kinase activity of PKC-δ [50], and PKC-δ expression is elevated in human AD, correlating with beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) expression in BACE1-mediated β-APP processing as well as Aβ production [51]. The gene discussed is BACE1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.