NFKB1 and colitis: Caffeic acid showed the capacity to reduce the severity of bowel damage at histological and biochemical levels [150], suppressing inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ) secretion through the inactivation of NF-kB [149] to reduce the T-cells colonic infiltration, significantly alleviating colitis [151].