GCG and diabetes mellitus: Reduced levels of FFA4 mRNA have been found in the pancreatic islets of individuals with diabetes and prediabetes, demonstrating an attenuation of the protective effects of ω-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid against palmitate-induced cell apoptosis [25], and inhibition of glucose-dependent somatostatin release and regulation of glucagon secretion [26].