We previously showed that normal rats fed a fructose-rich diet (FRD) for three weeks developed changes in glucose and lipid metabolism together with endocrine dysfunction (hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, higher plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and lower adiponectin levels) and an insulin resistant (IR) state [14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. Here, SERPINE1 is linked to Hyperinsulinemia.