GC and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Among COPD smokers, high frequencies of rs7041/rs4588 haplotypes were homozygous GC1S/1S (42.5%), and higher levels of VDBP in the sputum were observed in stage I and II of COPD, only in the genotype GC1S/1S compared to non-smokers (p = 0.034 and p = 0.002, respectively) [78].