KLK3 and prostate cancer: The consequence of LBD binding to the ligand is a change in the AR conformation and its translocation to the cell nucleus, in which a dimer is formed that connects to ARE (androgen response element) in the promoter region of the genes critical for the growth and development of a healthy prostate, as well as prostate cancer cells, but also important factors for the terminal differentiation of PSA (prostate specific antigen), or human kallikrein 2 (hK2) [41].