Simplistically, T1D occurs as a result of immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, resulting in partial or absolute insulin deficiency; it usually occurs in adolescence or early stages of life, but can also occur at any time, with several studies suggesting adult-onset T1D to be more prevalent than onset in children [5,6,7,8]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.