This activity increase was accompanied by elevation of LC3II/I ratio, parkin expression, and decrease of mitochondrial TOM20 protein levels and acetylated FOXO3a, signifying that melatonin can induce mitophagy to protect against atherosclerosis injury through the activation of SIRT3/FOXO3a pathway [134] and activation of SOD2 [153]. The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is atherosclerosis.