SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Hereditary forms of ALS are associated mainly with mutations in the genes: SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1) [227], TDP-43 or TARDBP (Tar DNA binding protein) [228], C9ORF72 (chromosome 9 open reading frame 72) [229], and FUS (fused in sarcoma) [230].