For instance, a herbal pair, Alpinia oxyphylla and Schisandra chinensis, as well as their major compounds, schisandrin and nootkatone, have demonstrated a shorter escape latency time in the Morris water maze and an inhibitory effect on inflammatory response via TLR4/NF-ĸB/NLRP3 pathway in amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease [40]. Here, TLR4 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.