Obtained from biopsy samples as well, these tumor markers include (1) different mutated genes such as BRAF, RET/PTC, or PI3K/AKT signaling pathway genes, for example, but also (2) several microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs which define a “specific” pattern between the different thyroid cancer subtypes. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is thyroid gland carcinoma.